Tsai Ming-liang's Where: A Reunion in a Dream

Tsai Ming-liang's Where: A Reunion in a Dream

By MrGeckoBiHu(壁虎先生)
 (This review was originally published in the 62nd issue of Taipei Documentary Filmmakers' Union Newsletters(紀工報) on February 7, 2024)

(This English version of the article you’re now reading is translated by myself, on February 2, 2025)

Before discussing Tsai Ming-liang's new work Where (2022), it’s hard not to first reveal that I think Where is secretly a fiction film. However, not only do I not mind its nomination for the Best Documentary Feature at the Golden Horse Awards, I also believe that this is ultimately not very important. What I mean is that the Golden Horse Awards and the categorization of a film’s genres exist separately, outside of this film, if not all films’ existence. I will also mention later how Where can also be entirely read as a documentary in the most conservative sense. So maybe I should put it this way, that the most moving reading of this film for me, is when it’s interpreted as a fiction, and there’s nothing wrong about the Golden Horse Awards considering it as a documentary. In fact, I don’t feel like it affects my legitimacy to comment on such a film in the Taipei Documentary Filmmakers' Union Newsletters at all, even if I consider it as a fiction or write about a reading that reads it as a fiction in this article. My subject is, after all, a film “that’s nominated for the Best Documentary Feature at the Golden Horse Awards.” On the contrary, it actually becomes meaningful for this very reason. I want to make this point clear at the start.

Next, I would like to summarize my general understanding of the background of the “Walker” series: In 2011, Tsai Ming-liang directed a stage play Only You (which I didn’t have the chance to see), in which choreographer Cheng Tsung-lung devised a movement for Lee Kang-sheng to walk across the stage at a very slow pace. This deeply moved Tsai Ming-liang, and this became the prototype of the “Walker.”[1] In 2012, Tsai Ming-liang designed the image of Xuanzang in a red robe for Lee Kang-sheng, and let him walk at an extremely slow pace, hands sustaining the lotus gesture, bowing his head, as he walked in various locations. That year, he directed four short films on this theme all at once. Among these four films from 2012, the first seems to be No Form (2012), but the only one I have had the opportunity to see is Walker, which is a segment in the four-part feature film Beautiful 2012 (2012) commissioned by the Hong Kong International Film Festival. This seems to be the second film piece in the series. (In Walker, Lee Kang-sheng slowly struggles through the streets of Hong Kong from daylight till the night falls, but there is one aspect that differs from other works in the series: a bag of takeout food hung on one of Xuanzang’s hand and a hamburger was held by the other, and the film ends with Lee Kang-sheng slowly starting to eat the hamburger.)

Joker: Folie À Deux: The Name of the Plague

 Joker: Folie À Deux: The Name of the Plague

★★★★（4/5）

By MrGeckoBiHu (壁虎先生)

(This review was originally published in Traditional Chinese on October 7, 2024 on MrGeckoBiHu’s Blogger, Medium and Facebook page simultaneously)

(This English version of the article you’re now reading is translated by myself, on February 2, 2025)

(This review includes spoilers and the ending of the film)

What we are witnessing in real-time right now to Joker: Folie À Deux, is probably the closest thing our generation will ever see to what Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me was and the criticisms it faced back then. As a sequel that’s meticulously designed to confront and deconstruct the success of its predecessor——Twin Peaks/ Joker: The former became a phenomenal ratings success in American television history, with David Lynch winning the Palme d'Or in the same year for Wild at Heart; the latter, after being award the Golden Lion, achieved widespread audience acclaim, with global box office earnings exceeding one billion dollars—— in the most unflinching way, Todd Phillips is attempting with Joker: Folie à Deux what Lynch once did with Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me, and as a result, has garnered an equivalent amount of attack and ridicule(Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me became a laughingstock amidst boos after its Cannes notorious premiere, and Lynch was treated like a pariah): In the collision of negative matter, the appealing facade of the predecessor is dismantled, in an effort to illuminate their works’ original tragedies and within, the unsettling, uncomfortable restlessness, fragmentation, and instability that disturb the audience. They tear apart their previous work in an attempt to rescue their protagonists—— Laura Palmer in Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me, and Arthur Fleck in Joker: Folie à Deux——from their own catastrophic success.

And just as its character who tragically misrecognized his own identity, Arthur Fleck's face is gradually replaced and forgotten in the mythologizing process (through countless reproductions of decontextualized memes), by the makeup he originally wore. Joker: Folie à Deux thus serves as a traumatic de-mythologizing ritual, brutally and uncomfortably exposing the mythologizing process itself, reminding the audience that Joker is a tragedy—Arthur Fleck's tragedy—where he is like Pvt. Pyle from Full Metal Jacket, and the “Joker” is not the protagonist but the “name of a plague” that descended upon its protagonist. Henceforth, when audiences furiously spit on and accuse Todd of ruining everything that was good about his previous film, Todd responds “No, no, no, it's you who forgot what happened in the previous movie. You did not realize who Arthur was.’’

Joker: The Myth of Arthur Fleck

Joker: The Myth of Arthur Fleck

The final shot of Joker (2019)

The final shot of Monsieur Verdoux (1947)

The final shot of Modern Times (1936)

By MrGeckoBiHu(壁虎先生)

(This review was originally published in Traditional Chinese on November 10, 2019 in a printed Taiwanese Newspaper The Affairs(The Affairs 週刊編集) Issue No. 29, and later published on their official websites)(You may find the full original texts here)

(This English version of the article you’re now reading is translated by myself, on February 2, 2025)

The inclusion of "Smile", sung by Jimmy Durante, during the dating scene between Arthur Fleck and his neighbor Sophie is particularly cruel. This song is adapted from a score that Charlie Chaplin personally composed for Modern Times (1936). In the film, when Chaplin's Tramp and Paulette Goddard's character dream about escaping their miserable fate and living a middle-class life during the Great Depression, the score evokes their innocence while gently reminding the audience that they still have each other. In this scene, Sophie refers to the Joker from the subway murder as a “hero,” while Fleck happily tries to squeeze out his own grin, seeing his reflection in a speeding taxi. Smile becomes an obvious omen, and we later discover that this seemingly too-good relationship is just a bubble occurring in Fleck's mind.

However, while the presence of the Tramp in Joker is self-evident, the even more significant presence of Chaplin's Monsieur Verdoux (1947) has been completely forgotten by American critics, to the point that, over seventy years later, they almost unconsciously repeat the same hysteria that surrounded the film at the time. Yet, as André Bazin brilliantly tells us in “The Myth of Monsieur Verdoux,”[1] it is through the image of this former bank clerk who continuously murders wealthy women for profit that the myth of the Tramp reaches its logical conclusion by presenting his opposite. Therefore, if you are surprised that Todd Phillips merges Chaplin's Tramp with a socially provocative murderer, it's worth noting that Chaplin himself had already done so. Is not Monsieur Verdoux's Raskolnikov-like cynicism precisely what society “deserves?”[2]